Automotive fasteners usually adopt the following international standards:

• ISO (international standards, such as ISO 898-1 steel bolt strength grades)

• GB (Chinese national standards, such as GB/T 3098.1 bolt mechanical properties)

• DIN (German standards, such as DIN 933 hexagonal head bolts)

• JIS (Japanese standards, such as JIS B 1180)

• ANSI/SAE (American standards, such as SAE J429 bolt grades)